Epidemiological Profile and Seasonal Variation of Acute Appendicitis

Abstract

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical condition, typically treated by appendectomy, though conservative management is possible. Understanding its epidemiology and seasonal variation aids in recognizing disease patterns and improving management. This study aims to assess the disease burden and seasonal trends of acute appendicitis.

Methods: This retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at Rapti Academy of Health Sciences (RAHS) from April 2023 to March 2024, and included 472 patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis, appendicular lump, or abscess, who underwent appendectomy. Data were collected through record review using a preformed proforma.

Results: The study found a nearly equal gender distribution, with males comprising 55.1% and females 44.9%. Most participants were aged 20-40 years (41.5%, mean age: 32.48 years). Acute appendicitis was the most common diagnosis (79.2%), and open appendectomy was the most frequently used treatment (72.5%). The highest number of cases occurred in June (10%), with a mean temperature of 33.17°C. No statistically significant correlation was found between environmental factors (temperature, humidity, sunshine) and appendicitis incidence.

Conclusion: While none of the environmental factors showed a statistically significant association with the frequency of acute appendicitis, the condition was more common during the rainy season.